Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma after Polycythemia Vera: An Iranian Case Report

Concomitant polycythemia vera (PV) and primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) is very rare. In this report, we describe a patient who developed CTCL after PV, receiving long-term hydroxyurea for PV. The patient referred with large Erythematous patches and plaques on back, flanks and legs. The pathology report showed CTCL. Also, the case had had PV since twenty years ago with phlebotomy as the treatment at the first and under treatment with hydroxyurea since thirteen years ago. In conclusion, the present case and other studies suggest that during treatment of PV any unidentified lesions should be carefully considered to exclude the possibility of a second haematopoietic neoplasm. Also, our case provides further evidence of the potential tumorigenic effects of long-term follow-up hydroxyurea.